MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF VAGINAL MICROBIOTA PROFILE IN ANEMIC WOMEN: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FEMOFLOR AND MODERN APPROACHES

This thesis is devoted to the molecular diagnosis of vaginal microbiota profile in women with anemia and to the comparative analysis of the Femoflor test and modern diagnostic approaches used in gynecological practice. Vaginal microbiota is one of the key factors ensuring the stability of the reproductive tract ecosystem, while anemia may create favorable conditions for microbial imbalance due to reduced immune resistance, metabolic disturbances, and impaired mucosal protection. In this regard, assessment of vaginal microbiota in anemic women is of particular scientific and practical relevance. The thesis analyzes the diagnostic significance of modern molecular methods for detecting changes in vaginal biocenosis. Special attention is given to the Femoflor test as a real-time PCR-based technology that allows quantitative and qualitative evaluation of normal and dysbiotic microbiota patterns. Other modern molecular approaches, including targeted PCR panels, multiplex assays, nucleic acid amplification tests, and broader profiling systems, are also considered from a comparative perspective. The thesis shows that Femoflor has important practical advantages because it provides an integrated ecological interpretation of vaginal microbiota and allows identification of reduced lactobacilli, anaerobic dysbiosis, fungal colonization, and mixed microbiological disturbances. At the same time, other modern methods remain useful in cases requiring focused pathogen detection or extended microbiome analysis. The obtained comparative data support the conclusion that molecular diagnostics significantly improves the accuracy of vaginal microbiota assessment in women with anemia and can contribute to better therapeutic decision-making and prevention of recurrent genital disorders.