Characterization of resistance mechanisms in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli

The emergence of antibiotic resistance to newly introduced agents such as aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) and cefiderocol (CFDC) has endangered the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. The combined use of genomics and transcriptomics approaches can provide a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance. The increased understanding may enable tracking of important resistance mechanisms, as well as increased precision in susceptibility testing, as these antimicrobials are notoriously difficult to test with standard laboratory methods.