Evolution of the nutritional status of a zero to two-year-old child population in Bogotá

Introduction: The first 2 years of life are a window of opportunity to obtain adequate growth and development of children, for this reason it was proposed to analyze the evolution of the nutritional status by anthropometric indicators in a child population benefiting from a comprehensive care program for children early childhood from birth to two years of age, to contribute to the early detection of nutritional disorders and strengthen the prevention and timely treatment of malnutrition. Methods: Descriptive longitudinal study with a sample of 142 boys and girls from 0 to 24 months of age. An analysis of each anthropometric indicator (height for age, weight for age, weight for height and body mass index) and denomination with a 95% confidence interval was performed. Results: 47.9% were boys and 52.1% girls from 0 to 2 years old. Prevalence of delay in taller height (18.3%) at 2 months, age-appropriate height greater than 57% in all measurements. Global and acute malnutrition greater than 1.4% and 0.7% respectively. Risk of overweight with the highest value (19.7%) at 12 and 18 months. Conclusion: Malnutrition is a problem that affects this child population from birth, however, it is also important to highlight that both the risk of malnutrition and that of overweight are relevant in monitoring the nutritional status of this population.

引言：儿童生命的前两年是其获得充足成长与发展的关键时期，鉴于此，本研究提出通过分析受益于从出生至两岁全面护理项目的儿童群体营养状况的演变，以人体测量指标为依据，以促进营养障碍的早期发现，并加强营养不良的预防和及时治疗。方法：采用描述性纵向研究，样本包括0至24个月大的142名男童和女童。对每个人体测量指标（身高别体重、体重别身高、体重指数）及其95%置信区间进行了分析。结果：0至2岁的儿童中，男童占比47.9%，女童占比52.1%。在2个月时，身高增长延迟的患病率为18.3%，所有测量中的适宜年龄身高均超过57%。全球及急性营养不良的患病率分别超过1.4%和0.7%。超重风险在12个月和18个月时达到最高值（19.7%）。结论：营养不良是影响该儿童群体自出生以来的一个问题，然而，亦需强调营养不良风险及超重风险均与监测该群体营养状况密切相关。