StEER: 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaras, Turkiye Earthquake Sequence Preliminary Virtual Reconnaissance Report (PVRR) Media Repository

An Mw 7.8 earthquake occurred at a depth of 17.9 km and with epicenter coordinates 37.174°N 37.032°E near the city of Nurdağı in the Gaziantep province of Türkiye at about 4:17 AM local time on February 6, 2023. As a result of this sequence of earthquakes and aftershocks, around 28,500 buildings partially or completely collapsed, while another 66,000 buildings were severely damaged in Türkiye. In Syria, more than 22,000 buildings were affected by the earthquakes, with 2,850 partially/completely collapsed or severely damaged. As of March 8, the total official death toll due to these earthquakes was reported to be 45,968 confirmed deaths in Türkiye and 7,259 in Syria. In Türkiye alone, more than 100,000 people were reported as injured. The province of Hatay in Türkiye was severely impacted by this sequence of ground shaking, including an Mw 6.4 earthquake that occurred on February 20, two weeks after the main event. Around half of the buildings in the affected regions of Türkiye were constructed before 2000, i.e., before modern principles of earthquake design were implemented in the Turkish Seismic Code. Fragility functions developed for the building stock in the area showed that collapse under large shaking was possible for these relatively older buildings. However, several collapses of buildings constructed after 2000 were also observed. The performance of infrastructures was generally acceptable, with most bridges, roads, and tunnels remaining operational and no significant issues with the power grid and water supply infrastructure.
In terms of good performance, the 12 seismically isolated hospitals in the earthquake-impacted region were operational after the earthquakes and, more importantly, allowed these healthcare facilities to serve their emergency response functions in the aftermath of the extraordinary destruction. Their operational performance greatly contrasted with the observed collapses of some hospitals that were not seismically isolated.
This project encompasses the joint products of the StEER and EERI LFE program's response to this event: Preliminary Virtual Reconnaissance Report (PVRR). The PVRR includes both the official report as well as a supplementary media repository containing additional imagery gathered by the VAST, and a spreadsheet summarizong the metadata of geolocated images contained in the Media Repository.

2023年2月6日当地时间凌晨4时17分许，土耳其加济安泰普省努尔达吉市附近发生矩震级（Mw）7.8级地震，震源深度17.9千米，震中坐标为北纬37.174°、东经37.032°。本次地震序列及其余震共同导致土耳其境内约28500栋建筑部分或完全坍塌，另有66000栋建筑严重受损。在叙利亚，超过22000栋建筑受地震影响，其中2850栋部分/完全坍塌或严重受损。截至3月8日，官方统计的此次地震总遇难人数为土耳其境内确认死亡45968人，叙利亚境内7259人；仅土耳其一国就有超过10万人受伤。
土耳其哈塔伊省受此次系列地面震动影响最为严重，其中包括主震发生两周后的2月20日发生的矩震级（Mw）6.4级余震。土耳其受影响区域约半数建筑建于2000年之前，即土耳其地震规范（Turkish Seismic Code）引入现代抗震设计原则之前。针对该区域既有建筑开发的易损性函数（fragility functions）分析结果显示，此类相对老旧的建筑在强烈震动下存在坍塌风险；但现场也观测到多栋2000年后建造的建筑发生坍塌。基础设施整体运行表现符合预期，绝大多数桥梁、道路与隧道均可正常通行，电网与供水基础设施未出现重大问题。
在建筑抗震表现方面，受地震影响区域内的12座隔震医院（seismically isolated hospitals）震后仍可正常运行，更重要的是，这些医疗设施得以在这场空前破坏的灾后履行应急救援职能。其运行表现与部分未采用隔震设计的医院坍塌情况形成鲜明对比。
本项目包含结构工程应急响应团队（StEER）与国际地震工程协会（EERI）现场考察项目（LFE program）针对此次地震事件的联合产出成果：初步虚拟勘察报告（Preliminary Virtual Reconnaissance Report, PVRR）。该报告既包含官方正式报告，也附带由VAST采集的附属多媒体资源库，以及一份用于汇总该多媒体资源库中地理定位影像元数据的电子表格。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集总结了2023年土耳其Mw 7.8级地震序列的初步虚拟侦察报告（PVRR）媒体库，包含地震事件详情、建筑物损坏统计和人员伤亡数据，并强调了基础设施表现和抗震隔离医院的良好性能。数据集由StEER和EERI LFE项目联合制作，提供官方报告和补充媒体资源，用于地震影响评估和研究支持。