Supplementary Data for “Extreme drought–heatwaves alter the transport and fate of terrestrial particulate organic carbon along the river–estuary–coastal ocean continuum”

This supplementary dataset compiles field observations, published data, and environmental parameters to characterize the sources, composition, age, and transport of particulate organic carbon (OC) along the Yangtze River–estuary–coastal ocean continuum during and beyond the 2022 compound drought–heatwave (CDHW) event. The dataset includes suspended particulate matter (SPM), size-fractionated particles, riverbed sediments, and seabed sediments collected during the 2022 CDHW event, together with historical observations under non-CDHW conditions and regional sedimentary OC records from the East China Sea. The compiled parameters include sediment properties, hydrographic conditions, chlorophyll-a concentrations, OC and nitrogen contents, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, and radiocarbon signatures. These datasets provide constraints for evaluating CDHW-induced changes in terrestrial OC mobilization, river-to-sea transport, estuarine processing, and sedimentary OC preservation in the East China Sea.