National Incident-Based Reporting System, 2012: Extract Files

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is a part of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The extract files version of NIBRS was created to simplify working with NIBRS data. Data management issues with NIBRS are significant, especially when two or more segment levels are being merged. These issues require skills separate from data analysis. NIBRS data as formatted by the FBI are stored in a single file. These data are organized by various segment levels (record types). There are six main segment levels: administrative, offense, property, victim, offender, and arrestee. Each segment level has a different length and layout. There are other segment levels that occur with less frequency than the six main levels. Significant computing resources are necessary to work with the data in its single-file format. In addition, the user must be sophisticated in working with data in complex file types. For these reasons and the desire to facilitate the use of NIBRS data, ICPSR created the extract files. The data are not a representative sample of crime in the United States.

国家事件基于报告系统（NIBRS）是统一犯罪报告计划（UCR）的一部分，由联邦调查局（FBI）管理。为简化NIBRS数据的处理，创建了NIBRS的提取文件版本。NIBRS在数据管理方面存在重大问题，尤其是在两个或更多分段级别合并时更为明显。这些问题需要具备与数据分析不同的技能。联邦调查局格式化的NIBRS数据存储在单个文件中。这些数据按照不同的分段级别（记录类型）进行组织。存在六个主要分段级别：行政、犯罪、财产、受害者、犯罪嫌疑人和逮捕者。每个分段级别具有不同的长度和布局。还存在一些分段级别，其出现频率低于六个主要级别。处理这种单文件格式的数据需要显著的计算资源。此外，用户必须熟悉复杂文件类型的数据处理。基于这些原因以及对NIBRS数据使用的便利性需求，美国刑事司法研究所（ICPSR）创建了提取文件。这些数据并非美国犯罪的一个代表性样本。