Summary of LMM results showing the level of significance for the effect of endophyte (E), aphid (A) and sampling time (T) on VOC emissions of tall fescue.

Bold numbers indicated effects with P values less than 0.1 as determined by LMM. ndf represents the numerator degrees of freedom; the denominator degrees of freedom (ddf) were 2 for E and 1 for A and T. For details on emission rates see Table S1 and S2.
*Compounds that were identified by PLS-DA analysis as most influential for separation of individual treatments at 12 days post aphid feeding.
†Compounds tentatively identified.