Demographic and clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients and age- and BMI-matched controls.

* Values shown are means ±SD, unless otherwise indicated.†P values were calculated with the t test for quantitative variables or Chi-square test for categorical ones, except for HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, fasting insulin, where non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was applied.§HOMA-IR was calculated as [Insulin mlU/l x FSG: (mmol/l)/22.5].§§HOMA-B was calculated as (20× FSI)/(FSG −3.5), where FSI is the fasting serum insulin concentration (mU/l) and FSG is fasting serum glucose (mmol/l).