Data_Sheet_1_Interspecies Differences in the Connectivity of Ventral Striatal Components Between Humans and Macaques.docx

Although the evolutionarily conserved functions of the ventral striatal components have been used as a priori knowledge for further study, whether these functions are conserved between species remains unclear. In particular, whether macroscopic connectivity supports this given the disproportionate volumetric differences between species in the brain regions that project to the ventral striatum, including the prefrontal and limbic areas, has not been established In this study, the human and macaque striatum was first tractographically parcellated to define the ventral striatum and its two subregions, the nucleus accumbens (Acb)-like and the neurochemically unique domains of the Acb and putamen (NUDAPs)-like divisions. Our results revealed a similar topographical distribution of the connectivity-based ventral striatal components in the two primate brains. Successively, a set of targets was extracted to construct a connectivity fingerprint to characterize these parcellation results, enabling cross-species comparisons. Our results indicated that the connectivity fingerprints of the ventral striatum-like divisions were dissimilar in the two species. We localized this difference to specific targets to analyze possible interspecies functional modifications. Our results also revealed interspecies-convergent connectivity ratio fingerprints of the target group to these two ventral striatum-like subregions. This convergence may suggest synchronous connectional changes of these ventral striatal components during primate evolution.

尽管腹侧纹状体成分在进化上保守的功能已被用作进一步研究的先验知识，但这些功能在不同物种间是否得以保留仍不明确。特别是，鉴于不同物种在投射至腹侧纹状体的脑区，包括前额叶和边缘区域，存在不均衡的体积差异，宏观连接性是否支持这一观点尚未得到证实。在本研究中，首先对人脑和猕猴脑的纹状体进行了束追踪分区，以定义腹侧纹状体及其两个亚区域，即类似伏隔核的核团（Acb）和具有独特神经化学特性的Acb及豆状核（NUDAPs）类似区域。我们的研究结果揭示了这两种灵长类大脑中基于连接性的腹侧纹状体成分在拓扑分布上具有相似性。随后，提取了一系列目标以构建连接指纹，以表征这些分区结果，从而实现跨物种比较。我们的结果显示，腹侧纹状体类似区域的连接指纹在这两种物种中存在差异。我们将这种差异定位到特定的目标上，以分析可能的物种间功能改变。我们的研究还揭示了针对这两个腹侧纹状体类似亚区域的物种间趋同的连接比率指纹。这种趋同可能表明，在灵长类进化过程中，这些腹侧纹状体成分的连接性发生了同步变化。