Clostridium perfringens type A is a common source of food poisoning in humans. Vegetative cells sporulate in the small intestinal tract and produce a major pathogenic factor, C. perfringens enterotoxi
(+) and (−) denote mating type of isolates.Z indicates that zygospores were produced during co-culture, O indicates no zygospores produced.‘C’ indicates potentially compatible co-cultures of (+) and (
