DIAGNOSTIC VALUES OF TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN CARDIOGENIC EMBOLIC CEREBRAL INFARCTION

Objective: This research work carried out to assess the diagnostic
values of TEE (Transesophageal Echocardiography) and TTE (Transthoracic Echocardiography)
in CECI (Cardiogenic Embolic Cerebral Infarction).

Methodology: Total 50 patients suffering from cerebral infraction
who got admission in Allied Hospitals,
Rawalpindi from May 2018 to May 2019 were the part of this research
work. The diagnosis of the patients carried out by TEE & TTE. We compared
the diagnostic information to evaluate the values of both methods used for
diagnosis.

Results: We diagnosed 16 patients out of 50 patients as CECI by
TEE method (32.0%), including 2 patients suffering from aortic plaques, 6
patients had atrial septal defect, 2 patients of atrial septal aneurysm, 2
patients of patent foramen ovale, only one patient of left atrial spontaneous
echo-contrast, single patient of mitral prolapse and 2 patients suffering from mitral
stenosis. We diagnosed 4 patients of CECI by TTE (8%), including one patient
present with patent foramen ovale, 1 patient present with left atrial
spontaneous echo-contrast, 1 patient mitral prolapse & one patient was
present with mitral stenosis. The disparity was much significant statistically (P
< 0.050). The most important disparity of TTE and TEE was the identification
of aorta atheromatous plaques & atrial septal abrasions. The diagnosis by
TTE missed the aortic atheromatous plaques of 2 patients and atrial septal abrasions
of 8 patients.

Conclusion: Diagnosis and identification of CECI with the TEE is very
precise and beneficial. So, TEE is present with the worth promotion.

KEYWORDS: Cardiogenic Embolic Cerebral Infarction, Mitral Stenosis,
Transesophageal Echocardiography, Transthoracic Echocardiography, Prolapse,
Echo-Contrast.