Postoperative neurological functions and complications.

JOA indicates Japanese Orthopaedic Association; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid. The unadjusted results are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage), while the adjusted results (indicated by *) are presented as mean ± standard error.* Adjusted for the demographic and preoperative parameters, including sex, age, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, drinking, duration of symptoms, preoperative JOA score, increased signal intensity on T2-weighted MR imaging, canal occupancy ratio, anteroposterior diameter, Pavlov ratio, and Ishihara’s curvature index.Postoperative neurological functions and complications.