Lipidomic profiling indicate protection of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury on neonatal rats ingesting Acer truncatum Bunge oil

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) has a serious effect on newborn growth and development, and there are currently no effective interventions. In this study, we discovered administering Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil (ASO) for 30 days reduces the damage caused by HIE and improves the learning and memory ability. Using lipidomics approaches to compare metabolite changes in HIE and sham rats, we discovered that glycerophospholipids, plasmalogen, unsaturated fatty acids decreased and lysophospholipids increased in HIE rats' brain. After 30 days of ASO treatment, glycerophospholipids, plasmalogen, and unsaturated fatty acids increased in serum and brain, while lysophospholipids and oxidized glycerophospholipids decreased. Based on cluster, correlation and attribution analysis, we find changes of glycerophospholipids, plasmalogen, w3/6/9 fatty acid, oxidized GP and lysophospholipids contributes to improvement of cognitive ability, indicated by eliminating the oxidative injury by HIE. Our findings suggest that ASO may be a potential special medical food for ischemic hypoxic newborns.