Rhogogaster - plates 1-7 for paper

European Rhogogaster s.str., with notes on several Asian species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

Plate 1

a-b: scalaris ♀ alive, from France, Midi-Pyrénées: Barèges 3km ENE; 1450 m — a dorsal view b lateral view.

c-d: face and shape of mandibles and clypeus in frontal view — c scalaris ♀, d punctulata ♂

e-f: head and thorax laterally, arrows in direction of anterior and ventral margin of pronotum — e Rhogogaster sibirica: without submarginal furrow, f Tenthredo aericeps: with submarginal furrow.

g-h: apex of hind tibia, tibial spurs and basal tarsomeres — g Tenthredo virescens (lectotype), h Rhogogaster scalaris (lectotype)

Plate 2

a Modified BOLD TaxonID Tree to illustrate the percentage distance of COI-5P sequences of Rhogogaster groups

b Molecular Phylogenetic analysis by Maximum Likelihood method, based on COI-5P data.

The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model (Tamura & Nei 1993). The tree with the highest log likelihood (-3631.1492) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. Initial tree(s) for the heuristic search were obtained automatically by applying Neighbor-Join and BioNJ algorithms to a matrix of pairwise distances estimated using the Maximum Composite Likelihood (MCL) approach, and then selecting the topology with superior log likelihood value. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. The analysis involved 65 nucleotide sequences. Codon positions included were 1st+2nd+3rd+Noncoding. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated. There were a total of 556 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA6 (Tamura et al. 2013). (Capture as provided by MEGA6, references adopted).

c-g: color variability of scalaris — c ♂ (France, Midi-Pyrénées: Barèges), d-e ♀ (Sweden, Malung), f ♀ (Sweden, Abisko), g ♂ (Sweden, Härjedalen, Hede)

Plate 3

a-f: color pattern in dorsal view — a punctulata ♂, b ♀ punctulata, c - d chlorosoma ♂, e polaris ♂, f scalaris ♀

g-n: 1st and 2nd plantar lobe of hind tarsus — g punctulata ♂, h chlorosoma ♂, i chlorosoma ♀, j sibirica ♀ (lectotype), k scalaris ♀ (lectotype), l scalaris ♂, m scalaris ♀, n scalaris ♂ (lectotype chlorosoma podkumokensis)

o-r: mesoscutellum and appendage in dorsolateral view — o-p viridis, q-r polaris

s-t: thorax in dorsal view — s chlorosoma, t scalaris

u-y: figures of gayuboi (from Llorente Vigil, 1988) — u face, v head dorsal, w penis valve, x mesoscutellum and appendage dorsal, y abdomen.

Plate 4

a-x: head in dorsal view — a punctulata, b chlorosoma, c chlorosoma (paratype), d scalaris (chlorosoma podkumokensis lectotype), e scalaris, f scalaris, g scalaris (carpatica lectotype), h scalaris, i viridis, j viridis (dryas paratype), k viridis, l polaris, m sibirica (lectotype), n magniserrula (holotype), o magniserrula (paratype from Russia), p magniserrula (holotype, oblique view), q robusta (holotype), r auctor (holotype), s naias (paratype), t bactriana (bactriana lindti paratype), u genistae (genistae viridifrons lectotype), v gilva (lectotype), w Tenthredo virescens (lectotype), x T. olivacea (viridis var. montana lectotype)

Plate 5

a-f: serrulae from the middle of the saw, with marked angle of cypsella — a-b scalaris, c viridis, d polaris, e magniserrula, f magniserrula (worn)

g-n: lancet (in h and k also lance) with details of serrulae — g, i, k polaris, h punctulata, j, l scalaris, m viridis, n magniserrula

Plate 6

a-j: penis valves — a-b scalaris, c chlorosoma, d auctor (holotype), e punctulata, f polaris, g sibirica (paralectotype), h viridis, i naias (paratype)

j-n: drawings of penis valves by Benson (1943, 1952, 1965) and Ross (1943) — j scalaris (as viridis), k chlorosoma, l punctulata, m californica, n viridis (as dryas)

o: variability of penis valves in polaris (all from Sweden, Abisko area)

p: records of magniserrula (displayed with Map data, © Basarsoft, Google)

Plate 7

a-m: magniserrula (holotype) — a dorsal view, b-c head and thorax dorsal view, d head and thorax laterally, e lance and lancet, f serrulae from the middle of the saw, g claw of hind leg, h hind tarsus, i 1st - 3rd plantar lobe, j face, k mesoscutellum and appendage in dorsolateral view, l labels, m antenna