Mortality rate from oral cancer, all ages - WMCA

Age-standardised rate of mortality from oral cancer (ICD-10 codes C00-C14) in persons of all ages and sexes per 100,000 population.RationaleOver the last decade in the UK (between 2003-2005 and 2012-2014), oral cancer mortality rates have increased by 20% for males and 19% for females1Five year survival rates are 56%. Most oral cancers are triggered by tobacco and alcohol, which together account for 75% of cases2. Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of the more common forms of oral cancer. The risk among cigarette smokers is estimated to be 10 times that for non-smokers. More intense use of tobacco increases the risk, while ceasing to smoke for 10 years or more reduces it to almost the same as that of non-smokers3. Oral cancer mortality rates can be used in conjunction with registration data to inform service planning as well as comparing survival rates across areas of England to assess the impact of public health prevention policies such as smoking cessation.References:(1) Cancer Research Campaign. Cancer Statistics: Oral – UK. London: CRC, 2000.(2) Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK, Winn DM et al. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res 1988; 48: 3282-7. (3) La Vecchia C, Tavani A, Franceschi S et al. Epidemiology and prevention of oral cancer. Oral Oncology 1997; 33: 302-12.Definition of numeratorAll cancer mortality for lip, oral cavity and pharynx (ICD-10 C00-C14) in the respective calendar years aggregated into quinary age bands (0-4, 5-9,…, 85-89, 90+). This does not include secondary cancers or recurrences. Data are reported according to the calendar year in which the cancer was diagnosed.Counts of deaths for years up to and including 2019 have been adjusted where needed to take account of the MUSE ICD-10 coding change introduced in 2020. Detailed guidance on the MUSE implementation is available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/articles/causeofdeathcodinginmortalitystatisticssoftwarechanges/january2020Counts of deaths for years up to and including 2013 have been double adjusted by applying comparability ratios from both the IRIS coding change and the MUSE coding change where needed to take account of both the MUSE ICD-10 coding change and the IRIS ICD-10 coding change introduced in 2014. The detailed guidance on the IRIS implementation is available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/impactoftheimplementationofirissoftwareforicd10causeofdeathcodingonmortalitystatisticsenglandandwales/2014-08-08Counts of deaths for years up to and including 2010 have been triple adjusted by applying comparability ratios from the 2011 coding change, the IRIS coding change and the MUSE coding change where needed to take account of the MUSE ICD-10 coding change, the IRIS ICD-10 coding change and the ICD-10 coding change introduced in 2011. The detailed guidance on the 2011 implementation is available at https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160108084125/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/classifications/international-standard-classifications/icd-10-for-mortality/comparability-ratios/index.htmlDefinition of denominatorPopulation-years (aggregated populations for the three years) for people of all ages, aggregated into quinary age bands (0-4, 5-9, …, 85-89, 90+)

年龄标准化口腔癌（ICD-10编码C00-C14）死亡率（每10万人中），涵盖所有年龄和性别。研究背景：在过去十年间，英国（2003-2005年至2012-2014年），男性口腔癌死亡率上升了20%，女性上升了19%1。五年生存率为56%。绝大多数口腔癌由烟草和酒精共同引发，二者共同占病例总数的75%2。吸烟与口腔癌中较为常见的类型风险增加相关，吸烟者的风险估计是非吸烟者的10倍。烟草使用强度越大，风险越高，而戒烟10年或更长时间则可降低风险至接近非吸烟者的水平3。口腔癌死亡率可与登记数据结合，用于指导服务规划以及比较英格兰各地区的生存率，以评估戒烟等公共卫生预防政策的影响。参考文献：（1）癌症研究运动。癌症统计数据：口腔 – 英国。伦敦：CRC，2000。（2）Blot WJ，McLaughlin JK，Winn DM等。吸烟和饮酒与口腔和喉癌的关系。癌症研究1988；48：3282-7。（3）La Vecchia C，Tavani A，Franceschi S等。口腔癌的流行病学和预防。口腔肿瘤学1997；33：302-12。分子定义：指在相应日历年度内，唇、口腔和咽喉部所有癌症的死亡率（ICD-10 C00-C14），按五年龄组（0-4，5-9，……，85-89，90+）汇总。不包括继发性癌症或复发。数据按癌症确诊的日历年报告。截至并包括2019年的死亡计数，在必要时已进行调整，以考虑2020年引入的MUSE ICD-10编码变更。有关MUSE实施的详细指南可在以下网址找到：https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/articles/causeofdeathcodinginmortalitystatisticssoftwarechanges/january2020。截至并包括2013年的死亡计数，在必要时已通过应用IRIS编码变更和MUSE编码变更的比较率进行双重调整，以考虑MUSE ICD-10编码变更和IRIS ICD-10编码变更。有关IRIS实施的详细指南可在以下网址找到：https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/impactoftheimplementationofirissoftwareforicd10causeofdeathcodingonmortalitystatisticsenglandandwales/2014-08-08。截至并包括2010年的死亡计数，在必要时已通过应用2011年编码变更、IRIS编码变更和MUSE编码变更的比较率进行三次调整，以考虑MUSE ICD-10编码变更、IRIS ICD-10编码变更和2011年引入的ICD-10编码变更。有关2011年实施的详细指南可在以下网址找到：https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160108084125/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/classifications/international-standard-classifications/icd-10-for-mortality/comparability-ratios/index.html。分母定义：所有年龄段人群的年度人口数（三年汇总人口），按五年龄组（0-4，5-9，……，85-89，90+）汇总。