Nature's Calendar: Plant's Calendar - phenological observations made by Citizen Scientists
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Nature's Calendar (www.naturenskalender.se, in Swedish only) is run by the Swedish National Phenology Network (SWE-NPN), a consortium of Swedish universities, governmental agencies and non-governmental organisations. The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) hosts the network and is part of the Climate program within the environmental monitoring and assessment activity branch of the university. The main task for the Nature's calendar is to collect observations of different spring and autumn signs appearing during the vegetation season. SWE-NPN is connected to the monitoring of the Swedish Environmental Objectives, mainly concerning the objective Reduced Climate Impact, but is also collaborating with networks in Europe (through the Pan-European Phenology database - PEP725) and internationally (through the International Society of Biometeorology). Data about the nature's calendar is collected in two ways, the long-term environmental monitoring through "Calendars", where phenological observations are reported all through the year, and through "Checks", where phenology observations are reported during short-time campaigns, giving a snapshot of the phenological status at a certain time of the year. The long-term environmental monitoring is performed by citizen scientists and professional observers at research stations and like. Three calendars have been launched in the Nature's Calendar; the Plant's Calendar (from 2008), the Bird's Calendar (from 2016) and the Beekeeper's Calendar (between 2015 and 2018). Aims The aim of the Nature's Calendar is to collect phenological data from the first spring sign to the last autumn sign, to be able to offer nation-wide data to everyone interested, to facilitate research, environmental assessments, the evaluation of environmental goals, etc, to be better prepared to meet the effects of climate change. Observations reported to the Nature's Calendar can be compared to similar observations collected for more than 100 years ago (see the Swedish Historical Phenology Dataset in "Related Reseach Data"), to detect evidence of phenological shifts over time that can be connected to climate change. Data from this dataset is used e.g. for the the evaluation of the Swedish Environmental Objectives, by producing the indicators "Growing season" and "Spring signs" (www.slu.se/vaxternasvaxtsasong). In the Plant's Calendar, Citizen Scientist's have reported observations of how - budburst and leaf development (broadleaves) - budburst and shoot elongation (conifers) - flowering - ripening of fruits and berries - seed dispersal - autumn colors - leaf shedding develop during the growing season. The dataset includes one file with observation data (plants_calendar_2008-2024.csv), one file with the species list used by the observers (in total 1252 species, see plants_calendar_specieslist_2008-2024.csv) and one file with the full list of phenological phases and sub-phases that observers can report (in total 38 phases, see plants_calendar_phaselist_2008-2024.csv). Furthermore, three documents are available, one PDF file (metadata_plants_calendar_2008-2024.pdf) with metadata that describes how the above mentioned CSV files are related and how the included parameters should be interpreted, one PDF file (vaxtkalendern_fenologimanual_2021.pdf) which describes the protocol used by those included in the phenology observer programme, i.e. the observations indicated as high quality (in Swedish, only), and one file with the list of nationally protected species according to the Swedish Species Information Centre (lista-nationellt-skyddsklassade-arter-20230612-uppdat-20240425.pdf, in Swedish only). The observation data file includes totally 166 396 observations. The data collection in the "Nature's Calendar - Plant's Calendar" started in 2008, but some observations made at a few locations at earlier dates have also been registered in the database, so this dataset includes a few records already from 1980 and forward. Coordinates of a few observation locations have been made diffuse, to make tracing back to the original location impossible (coordinates are rounded to 1.5 decimals = > 6 km diffusion), concerning protected species, as to the rules for publicly handling of nationally protected species (see https://www.artdatabanken.se/var-verksamhet/fynddata/skyddsklassade-arter/).
自然日历（Nature's Calendar，官网www.naturenskalender.se，仅提供瑞典语版本）由瑞典国家物候学网络（Swedish National Phenology Network, SWE-NPN）运营，该网络是由瑞典高校、政府机构与非政府组织组成的联盟。瑞典农业科学大学（Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU）负责托管该网络，隶属于该校环境监测与评估业务分支下的气候项目。自然日历的核心任务是收集植被生长季内出现的各类春秋物候现象观测数据。SWE-NPN 对接瑞典环境目标监测工作，主要聚焦于「减缓气候影响」目标，同时还与欧洲（通过泛欧物候学数据库——Pan-European Phenology database, PEP725）及国际（通过国际生物气象学会）的相关网络开展合作。 该数据集的采集分为两种途径：一是通过「日历」开展的长期环境监测，全年持续上报物候观测数据；二是通过「核查」开展的短期专项观测，可捕捉特定时点的物候状态快照。长期环境监测工作由公民科学参与者与科研站等场所的专业观测人员完成。自然日历目前已推出三类观测日历：植物日历（2008年上线）、鸟类日历（2016年上线）以及养蜂人日历（2015至2018年上线）。 ### 项目目标 自然日历的目标是收集从首个春季物候现象到末次秋季物候现象的观测数据，为所有有需求的群体提供全国范围的物候数据，以助力科研、环境评估、环境目标考核等工作，从而更好地应对气候变化带来的影响。用户上报至自然日历的观测数据，可与100余年前的同类观测数据（详见「相关研究数据」中的《瑞典历史物候数据集》）进行对比，以检测随时间推移的物候偏移现象，进而关联气候变化影响。本数据集可用于瑞典环境目标的考核工作，例如通过生成「生长季」与「春季物候」两项指标（详见www.slu.se/vaxternasvaxtsasong）。 在植物日历中，公民科学参与者需上报以下生长季内的物候变化观测： - 阔叶树的芽萌动与叶片发育 - 针叶树的芽萌动与新梢伸长 - 开花状态 - 果实与浆果成熟情况 - 种子传播 - 秋季叶色变化 - 落叶情况 本数据集包含三类核心文件：其一为观测数据文件（plants_calendar_2008-2024.csv），其二为观测者使用的物候物种名录（共计1252个物种，详见plants_calendar_specieslist_2008-2024.csv），其三为观测者可上报的完整物候阶段与子阶段名录（共计38个阶段，详见plants_calendar_phaselist_2008-2024.csv）。此外，还提供三份辅助文档：一份PDF元数据文件（metadata_plants_calendar_2008-2024.pdf），用于说明上述CSV文件的关联关系及参数含义；一份PDF观测手册（vaxtkalendern_fenologimanual_2021.pdf，仅瑞典语版本），用于规范高质量观测的上报流程；一份根据瑞典物种信息中心编制的国家级保护物种名录（lista-nationellt-skyddsklassade-arter-20230612-uppdat-20240425.pdf，仅瑞典语版本）。本次观测数据文件总计包含166396条观测记录。 「自然日历——植物日历」的数据采集工作始于2008年，但数据库中也收录了少数更早年份、少量点位的观测数据，因此本数据集包含1980年至今的部分记录。 针对涉及国家级保护物种的观测点位，为遵循公众处理保护物种的相关规定（详见https://www.artdatabanken.se/var-verksamhet/fynddata/skyddsklassade-arter/），部分点位的坐标已进行模糊化处理（坐标保留1.5位小数，对应约6公里的坐标偏移），以防止反向追溯至原始点位。
