MORPHOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN LIVER AND KIDNEY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS: A CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a major global health burden and is frequently associated with systemic complications beyond pulmonary involvement. Among these, liver and kidney damage plays a critical role in treatment outcomes and patient prognosis. This study aimed to investigate morphological and pathophysiological alterations in hepatic and renal tissues in patients with MDR-TB receiving second-line anti-tuberculosis therapy. A total of 86 patients diagnosed with MDR-TB were included in this clinicopathological study. Histological evaluation was performed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis. Clinical parameters, biochemical markers, and treatment duration were correlated with morphological findings. The results demonstrated significant hepatocellular degeneration, macrovesicular steatosis, sinusoidal dilation, and varying degrees of fibrosis in liver tissue. Renal pathology included tubular epithelial degeneration, interstitial inflammation, glomerular hypertrophy, and focal necrosis. The severity of organ damage was strongly associated with prolonged drug exposure and systemic inflammatory response. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and monitoring of organ dysfunction in MDR-TB patients. The study provides novel clinicopathological insights into drug-induced toxicity and systemic effects of chronic tuberculosis.