Does More Digital Human Capital Always Mean Less Carbon U-Shaped Evidence from Chinese Provincial Panel Data

This dataset contains the replication files for the empirical analysis in our paper. The data file DHC_data(7.20).dta is a balanced panel of 30 Chinese provinces from 2009 to 2022 (420 observations), including variables on carbon emission intensity, digital human capital (DHC) scale and its square, trade openness, industrial structure upgrading, environmental regulation, R&D expenditure, and energy consumption shares (electricity, natural gas, and coal). The accompanying do-file DHC_Carbon_UShape_Replication_v1.3.do reproduces all main results in the paper, including baseline two-way fixed effects regressions, U-shape tests (endpoint slopes, Fieller confidence interval, cubic-term exclusion), robustness checks, mechanism analysis, and moderation analysis. Users should run the do-file in Stata with the working directory set to the folder containing the data file to replicate the full set of tables and figures.