The enzyme inhibitory activity of helminth-derived serine protease inhibitor rapidly establishes immune tolerance to ameliorate allergic diseases

Allergic diseases are a class of important immune imbalance diseases that lack effective cures. Helminth-derived serine protease inhibitors (serpins) exert immunoregulatory effects similar to those of helminth, are controllable, have few side effects, and have great application potential in correcting unbalanced immune responses. However, the immune regulatory effects and mechanisms mediated by the enzyme inhibitory activity of helminth-derived serpins have not been investigated or clarified in previous studies. The enzyme inhibitory activity of Trichinella spiralis-derived serpin (Ts-serpin) attenuated ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization, thereby affecting the occurrence of allergic inflammation in the lungs. Additionally, enzyme inhibitory activity regulates the differentiation of macrophages and Treg cells to establish immune tolerance, which is the key to rapidly improving lung injury at the challenge and treatment stages of allergy. These findings suggest that the rapid regulatory properties of enzymatic reactions have great potential in the prevention and treatment of allergic inflammation.