Reversible Switching of Microtubule Motility Using Thermoresponsive Polymer Surfaces

We report a novel approach for the dynamic control of gliding microtubule motility by external stimuli. Our approach is based on the fabrication
of a composite surface where functional kinesin motor-molecules are adsorbed onto a silicon substrate between surface-grafted polymer
chains of thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). By external temperature control between 27 and 35 °C, we demonstrate the reversible
landing, gliding, and releasing of motor-driven microtubules in response to conformational changes of the polymer chains. Our method represents
a versatile means to control the activity of biomolecular motors, and other surface-coupled enzyme systems, in bionanotechnological applications.