Renewable electricity Dataset

To assess household demand for renewable electricity and the role of Climate Change Skepticism (CCS) in shaping market behaviour, we implemented a contingent valuation survey combined with a structured Likert-scale questionnaire. Respondents were asked to state their willingness to participate in a hypothetical renewable electricity market entailing a monthly premium over their current electricity bill, and, conditional on participation, to indicate the maximum monthly amount they would be willing to pay. Participants also rated their agreement with statements capturing four dimensions of climate change skepticism—Trend, Attribution, Impact, and Response—as well as three indices of ecological commitment (Attitudinal, Verbal, and Real/behavioural), each on a 1–5 Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree), and indicated their awareness of existing green electricity tariffs available in the market. Following the elicitation of CCS profiles, respondents were briefly provided with contextual information on the EU-27 and Spanish legislative and policy framework on renewable electricity, ensuring they had sufficient information to assess their willingness to contribute to the energy transition while minimising hypothetical bias, prior to the contingent valuation questions. The questionnaire also collected standard socioeconomic, geographic, and energy-related household characteristics. The survey was administered in person between April and May 2025 to a random sample of 471 households in the Region of Murcia, southeastern Spain, drawn from a total population of 532,820 households. For a binary question, this sample size ensures a 95% confidence level with a sampling error of 4.5% for intermediate proportions. The survey was conducted at the household level, with one respondent per household. Prior to the main fieldwork, a pilot survey of 30 respondents was conducted, resulting in minor refinements to question wording and yielding the average monthly electricity bill figure used as the price reference in the contingent valuation exercise. Participants were informed prior to the survey that their responses would be used exclusively for scientific research purposes and treated anonymously. This sampling effort led us to collect a total of 471 valid household responses. Sample composition was benchmarked against regional population statistics (CREM, 2025) across key sociodemographic variables, supporting the representativeness of the sample. Descriptive statistics for all variables are provided in the accompanying dataset documentation.