The effect of polyclonal antibodies and free antibodies on the killing of immune cells

The transcriptomic samples in this study were designed to evaluate the impact of the spatial organization of multispecific antibodies, mediated by the hFcgamaRI-HSA nano-adaptor platform, on the transcriptional profiles of immune cells. The experimental group consists of nano-adaptor multispecific assemblies with precisely controlled component ratios and surface densities achieved through stoichiometric tuning, while the control group comprises a mixture of free antibodies at identical concentrations but lacking the physical scaffold for spatial arrangement. By comparing the transcriptomic differences between these groups in terms of immune microenvironment remodeling, induction of stem cell-like memory T cells (Tscm), and reversal of T cell exhaustion, this study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of nanotopography-mediated spatiotemporal signal matching and its pharmacological advantages over conventional antibody cocktails.