Data from: Responses of population structure and genomic diversity to climate change and fishing pressure in a pelagic fish

The responses of marine species to environmental changes and anthropogenic
pressures (e.g. fishing) interact with ecological and evolutionary
processes that are not well understood. Knowledge of changes in the
distribution range and genetic diversity of species and their populations
into the future is essential for the conservation and sustainable
management of resources. Almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) is a pelagic fish
with high importance to fisheries and aquaculture in the Pacific Ocean. In
this study, we assessed contemporary genomic diversity and structure in
loci that are putatively under selection (outlier loci) and determined
their potential functions.  Utilizing a combination of
genotype-environment association, spatial distribution models, and
demogenetic simulations, we modeled the effects of climate change (under
three different RCP scenarios) and fishing pressure on the species’
geographic distribution and genomic diversity and structure to 2050 and
2100. Our results show that most of the outlier loci identified were
related to biological and metabolic processes that may be associated with
temperature and salinity. Contemporary genomic structure showed three
populations—two in the Eastern Pacific (Cabo San Lucas and Eastern
Pacific) and one in the Central Pacific (Hawaii). Future projections
suggest a loss of suitable habitat and potential range contractions for
most scenarios, while fishing pressure decreased population connectivity.
Our results suggest that future climate change scenarios and fishing
pressure will affect the genomic structure and genotypic composition of S.
rivoliana and lead to loss of genomic diversity in populations distributed
in the eastern-central Pacific Ocean, which could have profound effects in
fisheries that depend on this resource.