High resolution, vertical distribution of the marine carbonate system in estuarine waters of the Baltic Sea and Arctic fjords (Svalbard Archipelago)

Citation: 𝗔𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗱𝗼 𝗚𝗼𝗻𝘇𝗮𝗹𝗼, 𝗙𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗼; 𝐊𝐨𝐳𝐢𝐨𝐫𝐨𝐰𝐬𝐤𝐚, 𝐊𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐫𝐳𝐲𝐧𝐚; 𝐁𝐫𝐨𝐦𝐛𝐨𝐬𝐳𝐜𝐳-𝐒𝐳𝐜𝐳𝐲𝐩𝐢𝐨𝐫, 𝐋𝐚𝐮𝐫𝐚; 𝗞𝘂𝗹𝗶𝗻𝘀𝗸𝗶, 𝗞𝗮𝗿𝗼𝗹. (𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟓): 𝐇𝐢𝐠𝐡 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧, 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐛𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐬𝐲𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐁𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐒𝐞𝐚 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐀𝐫𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐟𝐣𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐬 (𝐒𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐛𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐀𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐩𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐠𝐨). [𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐭]. 𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤.

The equilibrium between the different parameters of the marine carbonate system —dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, partial pressure of CO2, and pH —is the core of ocean acidification studies, evaluation of inorganic carbon inventory, and air-sea CO2 fluxes. To date, it has been challenging to simultaneously measure all those components in the water column due to different sampling methodologies, and especially in stratified waters, where sharp vertical biogeochemical gradients may occur. In this dataset, we adapted a PUMP-CTD system to obtain simultaneous measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, partial pressure of CO2, and pH with high vertical resolution. The dataset contains information from vertical profiles in the Vistula River estuarine waters (southern Baltic Sea) and within Arctic fjords affected by continental freshwater runoff.

𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆: Available

𝗙𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗔𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗰𝘆: This study was supported by the European Union within the Horizon Europe program, project 101136480 — SEA-Quester and by the Polish National Science Center, Grant No. 2019/34/E/ST10/00167 (Arctic data) and 2023/49/B/ST10/02690 (Baltic Sea data)

𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀:
Water column measurements: Salinity[±0.001 S/m], temperature [ ±0.01 °C], pCO2 [±1.3 µatm], Total alkalinity [±3 µmol kg-1], pH total scale [±0.003 pH units], DIC [±2 µmol kg-1].