Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression Among School-Going Adolescents in Villupuram District, India

Adolescence is a pivotal stage of growth, marked by sweeping physical and psychological transformations that leave many vulnerable to mental health challenges, including depression. Yet, adolescent depression often remains hidden, underdiagnosed, and untreated, especially in diverse and rural settings. This study investigates the prevalence of depression and its associated biosocial risk factors among school-going adolescents in Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. Conducted as a cross-sectional survey with 818 participants aged 14-17 years from government and private schools, the research employed the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS-11) to identify depression. Findings reveal a concerning prevalence rate of 37.7%, with higher rates among females, private school students, and those living in nuclear families. These results underscore the urgent need for tailored mental health interventions within schools to support at-risk youth and foster early detection and treatment.