Connections between the Southern Ocean and the Eastern tropical Pacific in unforced and forced climate model simulations

The sea surface temperature (SST) over the eastern tropical Pacific significantly influences global-mean climate feedback and may be driven in part by the SST over the Southern Ocean. Previous studies demonstrated a teleconnection from the Southern Ocean to the eastern tropical Pacific by perturbing the Southern Ocean climate. We investigate if this teleconnection holds in a fully coupled, freely running climate system using CMIP6 models. We assess the relationship between the Southern Ocean (SO) and the eastern tropical Pacific (SEP) by calculating correlations between SO and SEP SST timeseries within each model and regressions between mean SO and SEP SSTs across models. We show robust, positive SO-SEP relationships in an unforced climate using pre-industrial SSTs, in a forced climate using SST anomalies between pre-industrial and quadrupled CO2 simulations, and in the SST pattern of the forced response relative to the global-mean SST anomaly. The strength of SO-SEP correlations is pos..., The original data for SST and for calculating the radiative restoration strength, shortwave cloud feedback, and ocean heat uptake are downloaded from https://aims2.llnl.gov/search.
 
The original monthly data has been converted to annual data and re-grided to 2.5o x 2.5o spatial resolution.
 
SST anomalies are calculated for each grid by subtracting the linear regression fit of timeseries of piControl simulations from abrupt-4xCO2 simulations.
 
The main SST pattern used in the study is calculated by dividing SST anomalies at each grid point by the global-mean SST anomalies at each timestep. Other SST patterns are calculated by subtracting local SST anomalies at each grid point from the global-mean SST anomalies at each timestep, by regressing local SST anomalies at each grid point onto the global-mean SST anomalies across the entire timeseries (150 years), and by applying principal component analysis (PCA) to the three-dimensional SST anomalies.
 
Radiative restoration strength is calc..., , # Data from: Connections between the Southern Ocean and the eastern tropical Pacific in unforced and forced climate model simulations

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r4xgxd2nw](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r4xgxd2nw)

This dataset contains multi-model simulations (in total, 53 models are used) from CMIP6 archive that serve our analyses of finding the connections between the Southern Ocean and the eastern tropical Pacific. The original CMIP6 model outputs are downloaded from [https://aims2.llnl.gov/search](https://aims2.llnl.gov/search), which then went through processes that convert the monthly data to annual data and re-grid different spatial resolutions of different models to a 2.5° x 2.5° resolution. This dataset generally contains three variables (sea surface temperature, shortwave cloud feedback, and ocean heat uptake) under three conditions (unforced pre-industrial condition, forced condition, and the pattern of the forced condition). File information in the following content is ...