Cultural Education and Cultural Participation in Germany (KuBiPaD)

Objective: The longitudinal study "Cultural Education and Cultural Participation in Germany (KuBiPaD)" examines patterns of cultural participation in Germany on the basis of a standardized population survey. The study was launched as a cross-sectional survey in 2018 and was expanded into a panel study in 2021. Cultural participation encompasses the consumption, reception and non-professional production of artistic goods in the fields of music, film, literature, performing arts and visual arts. In the second wave of the survey, the focus was expanded to include participation in gaming/video games and the media consumption of cultural offerings. In order to explain participation in culture, variables relating to resources and opportunity structure, socialization stimuli and personal preferences and skills were collected. A special instrument was developed to measure cognitive skills in the fields of painting and music. In the second wave, a factorial survey experiment was also conducted in the field of literature.

Method: The population of the baseline survey consisted of German-speaking people aged 15 and over living in private households in Germany. In a two-stage selection process, a random sample of 200 sample points in 183 municipalities was first drawn, stratified according to a combination of districts and BIK10 region size classes. In the second step, people aged 15 and over were randomly selected from the population registers of these municipalities. In standardized, computer-assisted face-to-face interviews (CAPI), 2592 people were interviewed between July and December 2018. The response rate was 22.9%. In the second wave, 1541 people took part in the survey again. The re-interview rate was therefore 59.5%. In addition, to compensate for the reduced number of cases, a new resident register sample of people aged 15 and over in private households was drawn at random from the same 183 municipalities as in the first wave. In the end, 914 people from the refreshment sample were interviewed. The response rate was 20.1%. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the interviews in the second wave were mainly conducted by telephone, but some were also conducted face-to-face (CAPI). The literature experiment was implemented as part of a short online questionnaire ("online drop-off"). Individual modules and questions were only presented to subsamples of respondents.

Questionnaire content: Leisure time behavior; preferences, consumption and reception in the fields of music, film, literature, gaming, performing and visual arts; media participation in culture; preferences for experimentally recorded song variations (subsample); reception of a visual stimulus (Peter Doig: "100 years ago", subsample); cultural self-production with a focus on music-making; further cultural education with a focus on libraries and adult education centres; cultural socialization with a focus on family and school; cultural identity; symbolic boundaries; legitimacy of cultural offerings; legitimacy of plays (factorial survey, subsample); personality; political interest; party preference; economic and cultural capital; extensive module on socio-demographics; household; partnership; children; social network; competence tests in the fields of painting and music (subsamples).<br>Leisure behavior: Frequency of selected leisure activities in the last 12 months; active membership in an organization, club or other association; other organizations (open-ended); amount of leisure time on a weekday (hours, minutes); number of vacation trips in the last 12 months; internet use and quality.

Music: Music genre preferences: preferred music genres; concert attendance in the last 12 months; frequency of concert attendance of selected music genres in the last 12 months; opera or concert subscription in the last 12 months; music streaming subscription; music reception; frequency of use of various music media in the last four weeks; size of own record collection; ownership of music files; size of music files; musical era preferences.

Film: Film preferences; frequency of cinema visits in the last 12 months; film reception; private film consumption in the last four weeks; type of film media used; size of own film collection; size of film files; number of series in the last 6 months; number of foreign-language cinema and feature films; number of video streaming services.

Gaming: Video game frequency in the last 12 months; weekly playing time; video game preferences; reception of video games.

Literature: Number of books read (in German or foreign languages) in the last 12 months; number of audiobooks (in German or foreign languages) in the last 12 months; number of readings attended in the last 12 months; literature preferences; size of analog and digital book collection; literature experiment (vignettes).

Performing arts: Frequency of visits to various performing arts in the last 12 months; theater subscription in the last 12 months; theater reception.

Visual arts and cultural heritage: Frequency of visits to different attractions and museums in the last 12 months; interest in different types of visual arts and design.

Media participation in culture: consumption of media cultural offerings in the last 12 months; devices and access to media consumption.

Own cultural production with a focus on making music: Frequency of creative activities; musical instruments played today and in the past; learning method for the musical instrument most commonly played today and in the past; age for beginning to learn that musical instrument; duration of instruction by others in years; duration of learning in years for all musical instruments ever learned; self-assessment of skill in the musical instrument; public presentation of music; money earned from music.

Further cultural education with a focus on libraries and adult education centers: Knowledge acquisition: frequency of learning about specific cultural styles, trends or artists; frequency of library use in leisure time in the last 12 months; purpose for using the library; number of adult education center courses used in the last 24 months; number of online adult education center courses followed; purposes for using adult education centers (program areas).

Cultural socialization with a focus on family and school: Parental household at the age of 14, living together with both biological parents or other family constellation; legal guardians in other family constellation; leisure activities of mother and father or other caregivers; music preferences of mother and father or other caregivers; number of books in the parental household; type of musical instruments in the parental household; television and reading socialization up to the age of 12; own leisure activities at the age of 14; favourite subjects at school; study groups attended; foreign language skills.

Cultural identity: interest in various topics; fan objects or idols; symbolic boundaries; cultural dispositions or basic attitudes towards cultural products.

Politics: interest in politics; party preference (Sunday poll); attitudes towards cultural policy.

Legitimacy of culture: eligibility of various cultural offerings; opinion on the desirability of cultural participation.

Personality: Willingness to take risks; fear of infection with the coronavirus; extraversion/openness.

Household: Age of household members; relationship with household members.

Partnership: Start of partnership; year of birth; interests in topics; movie preferences; initiative in domestic consumption with partner.

Children: Information on children aged 6 to 15: Parenting practices; children´s topic interests.

Social network: Extent of leisure network; frequency of contact with network partners; network density; thematic interests in the network; conversations about movies; giving or receiving movie recommendations; movie genre interests in the network; joint movie consumption.

Demography: sex; age (month and year of birth); religious denomination; general school-leaving qualification; type of school-leaving qualification obtained abroad; number of years of schooling abroad; desired school-leaving qualification; type of training and degree; highest university or college degree; field of study; employment; occupation coding (ISCO 08): Occupation; occupational status; weekly working hours (hours, minutes); secondary employment; amount of secondary employment (hours, decimal place); art-related secondary employment; reason for unemployment or secondary employment; year of last employment or never employed full-time; occupation coding (ISCO 08): Last occupation; last occupational position; duration of unemployment in months; self-assessment of general health; disability; type of disability; marital status; household size; living with partner; persons under 18 in household; age of persons in household under 18; minor children outside the home; steady partner; change of residence and month and year of move.

Economic situation: personal net income (grouped); household net income (grouped); property ownership; property value; amount of assets; type of housing; living space in square meters; household equipment (e.g. garden, plot of land or allotment for sole use, pet, car, motorcycle, antiques, dishwasher, etc.); number of cars in the household.

Information on partner: sex; country of birth; highest general school-leaving qualification; other school-leaving qualification; university degree; employment; occupation coding (ISCO 08): Partner´s occupation; occupational status; reason for unemployment or secondary employment.

Migration background: citizenship; other citizenship; country of birth Germany; year of moving to Germany; place of growing up to the age of 14 (federal state, former German eastern territories, abroad); country of growing up; information on parents: country of birth of father and mother (Federal Republic of Germany, GDR, former German Reich, other country); country of birth of father and mother (abroad); number of foreign-born grandparents; occupational status of father and mother when the respondent was 15 years old; occupation coding (ISCO 08): Occupation of father; Occupation coding (ISCO 08): Occupation of mother; highest general school-leaving qualification of father and mother; other school-leaving qualification of parents; university degree of parents.

Additionally coded: sequential number; respondent ID; subsample; survey wave; federal state drawing sample; federal state survey date; interview date (year, month, day); sample point, municipality size BIK; panel willingness; weighting variables.

Interviewer rating: Interview mode; presence of the list booklet; presence of third parties during the interview; intervention of third parties in the interview; assessment of the respondent´s willingness to answer; reliability of answers; disturbances or problems; respondent´s home; condition of the home; living environment.