gut microbe and GO

Graves’ Orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder with complex pathogenesis involving orbital inflammation, fibrosis, and adipogenesis. While the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) autoimmunity is central, the role of gut microbiota in modulating GO remains unclear. This study explored whether fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from GO patients and the administration of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> could influence GO development in an Ad-TSHR-induced mouse model.