Maximum wind speeds and 99th percentile values at 100 meters associated with extratropical cyclones in the South Atlantic (1979–2020)

This dataset contains the maximum and 99th percentile wind speeds (100 m) associated with extratropical cyclones in the South Atlantic. The data are derived from the ERA5 reanalysis (1979–2020) and are extracted using a Lagrangian reference frame centered on the cyclone core, based on relative vorticity at 850 hPa. The files are organized by year and variable type: *_wind100_max.csv: absolute maximum wind speeds at 100 m (m/s) and their relative location. *_wind100_p99.csv: 99th percentile wind speed at 100 m. Each file contains columns with relative coordinates (Δlon, Δlat), the extreme value, the distance to the center (degrees), and the timestamp. Data were generated from the South Atlantic cyclone track database (Gramcianinov et al., 2019) enhanced with phase classification using CycloPhaser (de Souza et al., 2025). ERA5 hourly fields (Hersbach et al., 2020) were used for the variables: total precipitation and wind at 10 m and 100 m. For each cyclone, a 20°×20° Lagrangian domain centered on its core was defined, and fields were extracted at all times during the cyclone's life cycle. Subsequently, absolute maxima and 99th percentiles were calculated within a circular mask of 9.5° radius, after applying Gaussian smoothing.