Biparentally incubating Aegithalos concinnus (Black-throated Tit) provide a more stable nest thermal environment than uniparentally incubating A. glaucogularis (Silver-throated Tit)

Different parental care modes in birds have been thought to be adaptations to different environmental conditions, but their adaptability to environments remains underexplored. We predict that the biparentally incubating species have a better adaptability to environments than the uniparentally incubating species. By comparing two congenic species (the uniparentally incubating Silver-throated Tits Aegithalos glaucogularis and the biparentally incubating Black-throated Tits A. concinnus) from their sympatric populations in central China, we found that Silver-throated Tits had shorter on- and off-bouts (i.e., shorter time on and off the nest) than Black-throated Tits. When ambient temperature increased, both species decreased on-bout duration and increased off-bout duration, but the decrease of on-bout duration in Black-throated Tits was to a greater degree. Moreover, only Black-throated Tits extended off-bouts after longer on-bouts, although both species extended on-bout durations after lo..., On-bout duration and off-bout duration
Whenever accessible, nests at the incubation stage were filmed to observe parental incubation behaviors. For the nests involved in this study, they were filmed 1-4 times according to field workload and need in the years between 2009 and 2016, and were filmed once or twice on the 4th/5th day and/or the 9th/10th day of incubation during the years between 2017 and 2019. Cameras were mounted on tripods placed at least 0.5 m from the nests. Each video recording lasted for an average of 125 ± 45 min (mean ± SD, n = 252 video records).
Data of on- and off-bout durations (i.e., time on and off the nest) of both species were obtained from the videos, including a total of 2551.2 h from 245 ST nests and 2059.8 h from 213 BT nests. Through the videos, we recorded the incubating bird’s identity (by color rings) and calculated the duration of each on- and off-bout. The final data set contained 343 on-bouts (n = 115 nests) and 344 off-bouts (n = 115 nests) of STs..., # [Data from: ](https://datadryad.org/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.18931zd8c)Biparentally incubating *Aegithalos concinnus* (Black-throated Tit) provide a more stable nest thermal environment than uniparentally incubating *A. glaucogularis* (Silver-throated Tit)

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.xksn02vtf](10.5061/dryad.xksn02vtf)

## Description of the data and file structure

This dataset include the details of the “On-bout duration (min)”, “Off-bout duration (min)”, and “Nest temperature (°C)” of the Silver-throated Tits and Black-throated Tits, which were collected from 2009 to 2022 (except 2020 when COVID-19 pandemic occurred) in the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve of Henan Province, located in central China (31.95 °N, 114.25 °E). It also includes related data, such as ambient temperature (°C), clutch size, and lay date (in days), among others.

**On-bout duration**

* Nest_ID: Nest ID
* Adult_ID: Incubating adults' ID
* Sex: Incubating adults' sex
* Species: Silver-throated Tit or Black-...,