Performance analysis & optimization of inverted inorganic CsGeI3 perovskite cells with carbon/copper charge transport materials using SCAPS‑1D

Hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSC) have achieved efficiencies (PCE) of more than 25%. However, the organic compound is causing structural degradation due to heat and moisture. This has led to the exploration of inorganic perovskites. Inorganic-PSC such as cesium has seen a breakthrough by achieving highly stable PSC with PCE exceeding 15%. In this work, the inorganic non-toxic PSC of cesium germanium tri-iodide (CsGeI3) is numerically modeled in SCAPS-1D with two carbon-based and two copper-based charge transport layers(CTL). This study introduces in-depth modelling and analysis of CsGeI3 through continuity and Poisson equations. Cu-CTL are selected to increase the electric conductivity of the cell, while carbon-CTL is used to increase the thermal conductivity. Four structures are designed and presented. A systematic approach is adopted to obtain the optimized design parameters for maximum performance. From the results it is observed that the C60/CsGeI3/CuSCN structure has the highest ..., The different material layers were first numerically modelled individually in SCAPS-1D software. The layers included 1 Perovskite absorber layer (CsGeI3), 2 hole transport layers (CuSCN & CuSbS2) 2 electron transport layers (PCBM & C60). From the combination of the different layers, four perovskite solar cell structures were modelled. The defect density was modelled inside each layer and interface defects were modelled between the layers. The IV characteristics, energy band alignment, quantum efficiency, electric field and recombination were calculated through continuity and Poisson equations (SCAPS). The standard test condition (STC) was used to collect data from each structure. After that, the effect of layer thickness and doping concentration on the cells' performance was analysed by varying the thickness and doping in each layer with equal increments. The open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor and power conversion efficiency were recorded for each increment..., SCAPS-1D software is reduired to open the numerically modelled layers.
Microsoft Excel is required to open the collected data/results.