Global Positioning System carrier phase : Description and use

After removing the modulation from the Global Positioning System (GPS) signal (L1 or L2 ) a pure carrier signal remains. Suppose this carrier is continuously and preciseiy tracked by a GPS receiver. Furthermore, suppose the phase of the carrier is periodically measured and recorded (nearly simultaneously at two or more locations) with respect to receiver oscillators having the same nominal frequency as the GPS carrier. This paper first considers alternative modeling and processing approaches to these observational data for static operations. Then an approach to dynamic relative positioning using triple differences is pres ented. This approach should lend itself to performing centimeter accuracy relative surveys in seconds rather than hours. An approach to fixing cycle slips automatically is included.