Data_Sheet_1_Modeling Heterogeneous Brain Dynamics of Depression and Melancholia Using Energy Landscape Analysis.pdf

Our current understanding of melancholic depression is shaped by its position in the depression spectrum. The lack of consensus on how it should be treated—whether as a subtype of depression, or as a distinct disorder altogethe—interferes with the recovery of suffering patients. In this study, we analyzed brain state energy landscape models of melancholic depression, in contrast to healthy and non-melancholic energy landscapes. Our analyses showed significant group differences on basin energy, basin frequency, and transition dynamics in several functional brain networks such as basal ganglia, dorsal default mode, and left executive control networks. Furthermore, we found evidences suggesting the connection between energy landscape characteristics (basin characteristics) and depressive symptom scores (BDI-II and SHAPS). These results indicate that melancholic depression is distinguishable from its non-melancholic counterpart, not only in terms of depression severity, but also in brain dynamics.

我们对忧郁型抑郁症的认识深受其在抑郁症谱系中定位的影响。关于其治疗方式的共识缺失——无论是将其视为抑郁症的亚型，还是将其视为一种独立的疾病——均干扰了患者康复的过程。在本研究中，我们分析了忧郁型抑郁症的大脑状态能量景观模型，与健康的及非忧郁型能量景观进行了对比。我们的分析显示，在基底神经节、背侧默认模式网络和左侧执行控制网络等多个功能性大脑网络中，存在着显著的群体差异，包括盆地能量、盆地频率和转换动力学。此外，我们发现了能量景观特征（盆地特征）与抑郁症状评分（BDI-II和SHAPS）之间关联的证据。这些结果表明，忧郁型抑郁症不仅在抑郁严重程度上，而且在脑部动态上，均可与其非忧郁型对立面相区分。