ePNGCAT: the first eROSITA all-sky data release

eRASS1 image catalogue (ePNGCAT): X-ray sources extracted from the SRG/eROSITA eRASS1 all-sky press image An all-sky catalogue of 63 260 X-ray sources (32 379 in the eRASS1-DE half and 30 881 in the eastern RU half). They were extracted from the public eRASS1 all-sky RGB press image (0.3–2.3 keV; MPE/IKI press kit, 19 June 2020) and calibrated against the eRASS1-DE Main catalogue v1.2 (Galactic longitude 180–360°), using a block-wise spatial training/validation/test split. The calibration is then applied to the whole sky, including the eastern half, for which no eRASS1 catalogue is public. Measured on held-out test regions, the catalogue is 87.5% reliable (chance-corrected). It is 50% complete at 3.1×10⁻¹³ erg s⁻¹ cm⁻² (0.2–2.3 keV), and the median positional offset is 72″. The broad-band flux scatter is 0.10 dex, with fluxes also given in three narrower bands. The eastern half is checked against ROSAT, XMM-Newton and SRG/ART-XC catalogues. Contents: - erass1_image_catalog.fits and .csv: the catalogue, with positions, per-axis errors, four flux bands with 16–84% intervals, quality flags and reference associations. - uncertainty_calibration.json: the global uncertainty terms. - ru_candidates.csv and .parquet: eastern-half sources with no counterpart in other X-ray catalogues, with spurious-detection probabilities. - Three HEALPix maps (Nside 1024): the full image, the source-subtracted image, and a filled and smoothed version of the source-subtracted image. - run_manifest.json: code and input checksums. - The input press image, included for reproducibility. README.md documents all columns, validation results and caveats. The pipeline code is at https://github.com/doroshv/eropngcat (MIT), refer to code fore more detail. Licence: the catalogue and maps are CC0 1.0. The press image is redistributed unchanged under the press-kit terms. Credit: J. Sanders, H. Brunner and the eSASS team (MPE); E. Churazov, M. Gilfanov (IKI).