<b>MAPLES-DR: </b>MESSIDOR Anatomical and Pathological Labels for Explainable Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy
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<b>MAPLES-DR</b> (MESSIDOR Anatomical and Pathological Labels for Explainable Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy) [1], contains <i>new diagnoses</i> for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and Macular Edema (ME) as well as <i>new pixel-wise </i><i>segmentation maps</i> for 10 retinal structures related to those pathologies for 198 images of the MESSIDOR public fundus dataset [2].<br>The annotation procedure and an evaluation of the MAPLES-DR labels are documented in a Scientific Data paper [1]. If you wish to use this dataset in academic works, we kindly ask you to cite:<br>Gabriel Lepetit-Aimon, Clément Playout, Marie Carole Boucher, Renaud Duval, Michael H Brent, and Farida Cheriet. Maples-dr: messidor anatomical and pathological labels for explainable screening of diabetic retinopathy. <i>Scientific Data</i>, 11(1):914, 08 2024. doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03739-6.<br>To ease the integration of MAPLES-DR with MESSIDOR images, we published a Python package named maples_dr that automates the download of MAPLES-DR labels, and the matching, cropping and resizing of MESSIDOR fundus images. We strongly encourage AI researchers willing to train models on MAPLES-DR labels to visit our Quick Start page.<b>Description of the Dataset</b>Segmentation of Retinal StructuresFrom February 2019 to February 2020, seven senior retinologists from Montréal and Toronto (Canada) segmented anatomical and pathological structures related to DR on 198 fundus images extracted from the public dataset MESSIDOR [2]:4 Anatomical Structures: Optic Disc, Optic Cup, Macula, and Vessels;3 Bright Lesions: Exudates, Cotton Wool Spots, and Drusens;3 Red Lesions: Microaneurysms, Hemorrhages, and Neovessels.These 10 biomarkers are provided as individual PNG binary images, along with two other segmentation maps: <b>Uncertain Bright</b><i> </i>and <b>Uncertain Red,</b> which contain structures that are clearly pathological but whose exact nature is unclear (e.g. microaneurysm vs. hemorrhage for a red lesion).For more details on the biomarkers definition or on their role in the diagnosis of DR, please refer to the MAPLES-DR Labels page.DR and ME gradesMAPLES-DR grades for DR and ME follow the guidelines developed for Canadian teleopthalmology screening. These guidelines distinguish seven grades for DR (<b>R0</b>: absent, <b>R1</b>: mild, <b>R2</b>: moderate, <b>R3</b>: severe, <b>R4A</b>: proliferative, <b>R4S</b>: stable treated proliferative, <b>R6</b>: insufficient image quality) and four for ME (<b>M0</b>: absent, <b>M1</b>: mild, <b>M2</b>: moderate, <b>M6</b>: insufficient image quality). These grades are defined systematically by the number and position of visible red and bright retinal lesions. Each grade is associated with a recommended course of action (from rescreening in two years for mild cases, to immediate referral to an ophthalmologist for the more severe ones). A detailed definition of the grading system can be found in this paper [3].<b>Data Records</b>MAPLES-DR dataset is distributed as two archives: <b>MAPLES-DR.zip</b> and <b>AdditionalData.zip</b>. The first one contains the main data of MAPLES-DR (segmentation maps and grades), while the second one contains additional information on the annotation process (time, comments) as well as intermediate data (pre-annotation maps, grades before consensus...).Please consult MAPLES-DR Data Records for more information.<b>Usage</b>The annotations provided in MAPLES-DR are published under the CC-BY license. If you wish to use this dataset in academic work, we kindly ask you to cite the following paper [1]:<br>Gabriel Lepetit-Aimon, Clément Playout, Marie Carole Boucher, Renaud Duval, Michael H Brent, and Farida Cheriet. Maples-dr: messidor anatomical and pathological labels for explainable screening of diabetic retinopathy. <i>Scientific Data</i>, 11(1):914, 08 2024. doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03739-6.<br>Note that the fundus images corresponding to the diagnostic labels and biomarker segmentation maps of MAPLES-DR are the property of the MESSIDOR consortium and are freely available from the Consortium's website. For more specific instructions see Using MESSIDOR images.To ease the integration of the two datasets we published a Python package named maples_dr that automates MAPLES-DR download, matching with MESSIDOR images, cropping and resizing to a uniform image resolution. We strongly encourage AI researchers willing to train models on MAPLES-DR labels to visit our Quick Start page.AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the NSERC (Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada) as well as Diabetes Action Canada and FROUM (Fonds de recherche en ophtalmologie de l’Université de Montréal).The original MESSIDOR dataset was kindly provided by the Messidor program partners (see https://www.adcis.net/en/third-party/messidor/).References[1] Gabriel Lepetit-Aimon, Clément Playout, Marie Carole Boucher, Renaud Duval, Michael H Brent, and Farida Cheriet. Maples-dr: messidor anatomical and pathological labels for explainable screening of diabetic retinopathy. <i>Scientific Data</i>, 11(1):914, 08 2024. doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03739-6.[2] Etienne Decencière, Xiwei Zhang, Guy Cazuguel, Bruno Lay, Béatrice Cochener, Caroline Trone, Philippe Gain, Richard Ordonez, Pascale Massin, Ali Erginay, and others. Feedback on a publicly distributed image database: the MESSIDOR database. <i>Image Analysis & Stereology</i>, 33(3):231–234, Aug 2014. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.1155.[3] M.C. Boucher, J. Qian, M.H. Brent, D.T. Wong, T. Sheidow, R. Duval, A. Kherani, R. Dookeran, D. Maberley, A. Samad, and V. Chaudhary. Evidence-based Canadian guidelines for tele-retina screening for diabetic retinopathy: recommendations from the Canadian Retina Research Network (CR2N) Tele-Retina Steering Committee. <i>Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology</i>, 55(1):14–24, Feb 2020. doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.01.001.<br>
<b>MAPLES-DR</b>（糖尿病视网膜病变可解释筛查的MESSIDOR解剖与病理标签，MESSIDOR Anatomical and Pathological Labels for Explainable Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy）[1]，针对公开眼底图像数据集MESSIDOR[2]中的198张图像，提供了<i>全新诊断标注</i>以识别糖尿病视网膜病变（Diabetic Retinopathy, DR）与黄斑水肿（Macular Edema, ME），同时为与上述病变相关的10种视网膜结构生成了<i>全新逐像素分割掩码</i>（pixel-wise segmentation maps）。 MAPLES-DR的标注流程与标签评估已在《科学数据》（Scientific Data）期刊的学术论文[1]中详细记载。若您将该数据集用于学术研究，敬请引用以下文献： Gabriel Lepetit-Aimon、Clément Playout、Marie Carole Boucher、Renaud Duval、Michael H Brent、Farida Cheriet. Maples-dr: messidor anatomical and pathological labels for explainable screening of diabetic retinopathy. <i>《科学数据》</i>, 11(1):914, 08 2024. doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03739-6. 为简化MAPLES-DR与MESSIDOR图像的整合流程，我们发布了名为`maples_dr`的Python工具包，可自动下载MAPLES-DR标签，并完成MESSIDOR眼底图像的匹配、裁剪与尺寸调整。我们强烈建议希望基于MAPLES-DR标签训练模型的人工智能研究者访问我们的快速入门页面。 <b>数据集描述</b> ### 视网膜结构分割 2019年2月至2020年2月期间，来自加拿大蒙特利尔与多伦多的7名资深视网膜病学家，对从公开数据集MESSIDOR[2]中提取的198张眼底图像进行了与DR相关的解剖与病理结构标注： - 4种解剖结构：视盘（Optic Disc）、视杯（Optic Cup）、黄斑（Macula）与血管（Vessels）； - 3种亮病灶：渗出物（Exudates）、棉绒斑（Cotton Wool Spots）与玻璃膜疣（Drusens）； - 3种红病灶：微动脉瘤（Microaneurysms）、出血（Hemorrhages）与新生血管（Neovessels）。 上述10种生物标志物均以独立的PNG二值图像格式提供，此外还包含另外两张分割掩码：<b>不确定亮病灶</b>与<b>不确定红病灶</b>，用于标注那些明确属于病理性但具体类型难以界定的结构（例如红病灶中微动脉瘤与出血的鉴别）。 如需了解生物标志物的定义或其在DR诊断中的作用，请参阅MAPLES-DR标签页面。 ### DR与ME分级 MAPLES-DR针对DR与ME的分级遵循加拿大远程眼底筛查指南。该指南将DR分为7个等级：<b>R0</b>（无病变）、<b>R1</b>（轻度）、<b>R2</b>（中度）、<b>R3</b>（重度）、<b>R4A</b>（增殖性）、<b>R4S</b>（经治疗后稳定的增殖性病变）、<b>R6</b>（图像质量不足）；ME则分为4个等级：<b>M0</b>（无病变）、<b>M1</b>（轻度）、<b>M2</b>（中度）、<b>M6</b>（图像质量不足）。上述分级依据视网膜可见的红、亮病灶的数量与位置系统定义，每个等级均对应推荐的临床处置方案（例如轻度病变建议两年后复查，重度病变则需立即转诊至眼科医师）。分级系统的详细定义可参阅论文[3]。 <b>数据记录</b> MAPLES-DR数据集以两个压缩包形式发布：<b>MAPLES-DR.zip</b>与<b>AdditionalData.zip</b>。前者包含数据集的核心内容（分割掩码与分级标签），后者则包含标注流程的额外信息（标注时间、注释）以及中间数据（预标注掩码、共识达成前的分级结果等）。 如需了解更多信息，请参阅MAPLES-DR数据记录页面。 <b>使用规范</b> MAPLES-DR提供的标注基于CC-BY许可协议发布。若您将该数据集用于学术研究，敬请引用以下文献[1]： Gabriel Lepetit-Aimon、Clément Playout、Marie Carole Boucher、Renaud Duval、Michael H Brent、Farida Cheriet. Maples-dr: messidor anatomical and pathological labels for explainable screening of diabetic retinopathy. <i>《科学数据》</i>, 11(1):914, 08 2024. doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03739-6. 请注意，与MAPLES-DR的诊断标签及生物标志物分割掩码对应的眼底图像归属于MESSIDOR联盟，可从该联盟的官网免费获取。如需更具体的使用说明，请参阅《使用MESSIDOR图像》文档。 为简化该数据集与MESSIDOR图像的整合流程，我们发布了名为`maples_dr`的Python工具包，可自动完成MAPLES-DR的下载、与MESSIDOR图像的匹配、裁剪及统一分辨率调整。我们强烈建议希望基于MAPLES-DR标签训练模型的人工智能研究者访问我们的快速入门页面。 <b>致谢</b> 本研究由加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会（Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC）、加拿大糖尿病行动项目（Diabetes Action Canada）以及蒙特利尔大学眼科研究基金（Fonds de recherche en ophtalmologie de l’Université de Montréal, FROUM）资助。 原始MESSIDOR数据集由Messidor项目合作方友好提供（详见https://www.adcis.net/en/third-party/messidor/）。 <b>参考文献</b> [1] Gabriel Lepetit-Aimon, Clément Playout, Marie Carole Boucher, Renaud Duval, Michael H Brent, and Farida Cheriet. Maples-dr: messidor anatomical and pathological labels for explainable screening of diabetic retinopathy. <i>《科学数据》</i>, 11(1):914, 08 2024. doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03739-6. [2] Etienne Decencière, Xiwei Zhang, Guy Cazuguel, Bruno Lay, Béatrice Cochener, Caroline Trone, Philippe Gain, Richard Ordonez, Pascale Massin, Ali Erginay, 等. 公开分发图像数据库的反馈：MESSIDOR数据库. <i>Image Analysis & Stereology</i>, 33(3):231–234, Aug 2014. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.1155. [3] M.C. Boucher, J. Qian, M.H. Brent, D.T. Wong, T. Sheidow, R. Duval, A. Kherani, R. Dookeran, D. Maberley, A. Samad, 和 V. Chaudhary. 基于证据的加拿大糖尿病视网膜病变远程眼底筛查指南：加拿大视网膜研究网络（CR2N）远程视网膜指导委员会的建议. <i>Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology</i>, 55(1):14–24, Feb 2020. doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.01.001.
