Gelsolin-induced epithelial cell invasion is dependent on Ras–Rac signaling

Gelsolin is a widely distributed actin binding protein involved in controlling cell morphology, motility, signaling and apoptosis. The role of gelsolin in tumor progression, however, remains poorly understood. Here we show that expression of green fluorescent pro tein (GFP)-tagged gelsolin in MDCK-AZ, MDCKtsSrc or HEK293T cells promotes invasion into collagen type I. In organ culture assays, MDCK cells expressing gelsolin–GFP invaded pre-cultured chick heart fragments. Gelsolin expression inhibited E-cadherin-mediated cell aggregation but did not disrupt the E-cadherin–catenin complex. Co-expression of dominant-negative Rac1N17, but not RhoAN19 or Cdc42N17, counteracted gelsolin-induced invasion, suggesting a requirement for Rac1 activity. Increased ARF6, PLD or PIP5K 1α activity canceled out gelsolin-induced invasion. Furthermore, we found that invasion induced by gelsolin is dependent on Ras activity, acting through the PI3K–Rac pathway via the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos-1. These findings establish a connection between gelsolin and the Ras oncogenic signaling pathway.