PROBABILITY MODEL OF THE SUBMERGED WELDING PROCESS AND CALCULATION OF THE PROBABILITY OF DEFECTS

This paper presents a probabilistic analysis of submerged arc welding (SAW) processes and evaluates the likelihood of defects formation in welds. The study, conducted on an automated SAW machine, investigated how parameter stability, wire feed rate, and flux layer condition influence defect frequency. The probabilistic approach enables assessing process reliability, predicting defect risk, and optimizing technological regimes.