Intrauterine devices incorporating nanocarriers for targeted cervical cancer therapy

Viruses are key contributors to many severe human illnesses. The majority of cervical cancer cases are linked to infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Current antiviral drug development strategies aim to interfere either with viral components or with specific host cell mechanisms. Combining the local biochemical actions of hormonal, antiviral, and chemotherapeutic agents can help in the prevention of viral infection and cancer appearance. This work presents the injection molding of intrauterine devices (IUD) with progesterone, fluorouracil, and surfactant agents for drug delivery in prophylactic and infectious cervical cancer treatments. The IUDs were manufactured, and their properties were analyzed by electronic microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical tests. The drug release profiles and cell culture interactions were also investigated. Polyethylene-based drug-loaded IUDs showed reproducible manufacturing, sustained drug release, and promising cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity, supporting their potential for localized cervical cancer treatment.