Runx2 plays a critical role in tooth root development

The gene Runt-related transcription factor2 (Runx2) is a principal regulator of bone and cartilage differentiation, proliferation, and maintenance. Runx2 is essential for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into osteoblasts. In mouse embryos, Runx2 exerts an influence in the alveolar remodeling process during tooth eruption. RUNX2 is expressed in a subpopulation of GLI1+ root progenitor cells, and that loss of Runx2 in these GLI1+ progenitor cells and their progeny results in root developmental defects. In vivo evidence shows that Runx2 plays a crucial role in tooth root development and in regulating the differentiation of root progenitor cells.