Data of Temporomandibular Joint Surface Area and Centroid Size from Medieval (Cedynia) and Early Modern (Radom) Polish Populations

<p>This dataset contains three-dimensional measurements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surface area and centroid size derived from landmark configurations for human mandibles from osteological material. The data were collected to investigate diachronic variation in TMJ morphology in relation to changes in masticatory function associated with dietary shifts.</p><p>The dataset includes individuals from two historical populations of Polish ancestry (medieval Cedynia and early modern Radom) and provides both complete and matched subsets of measurements, enabling analyses of size variation, functional relationships, and covariation between TMJ surface area and overall mandibular size.</p>