Dataset_How Data Elements Drive the Development of Enterprise Innovation Capability

This dataset is primarily intended to examine the mechanisms through which data elements drive the development of firms’ innovation capability. Using enterprises located in Zhejiang Province and the Hefei High-tech Zone in Anhui Province as the observational sample, the data were collected in two waves through a questionnaire survey, yielding a final total of 346 valid responses. The dataset covers key variables including big data resources, organizational learning, the level of digital technology, the scope of digital application, and firms’ innovation capability. The questionnaires were mainly completed by corporate managers and core technical personnel. Data were collected through on-site distribution, email, and Wenjuanxing, and a pilot test together with item revision was conducted prior to the formal survey. This dataset is mainly used to test the direct effect of big data resources on firms’ innovation capability, the mediating role of organizational learning, and the moderating effects of the level of digital technology and the scope of digital application, thereby providing empirical evidence for understanding how data become actual factors of production within firms.