The effect of pest management approach on estimates of crop plant damage.

A GAMM analysis was used to assess the effect of three pest management approaches (treatment: conventional, low input (LI), or control) and time (DAE) on plant damage from feeding by pest herbivores. A dash indicates that data was not collected during that trial and NA indicates that a model couldn’t be fitted due to zeros in data set.
#A, a significant difference between treatments but the pattern does not follow what we expect; B, a significant difference between treatments and damage was highest in control (or low input) and lowest in the conventional (control>LI>conven), or for plant density we expect greatest density in the conventional and lowest in the control (or low input) (conven>LI>control); C, no difference in plant damage or density between the treatments. In this case no ranking was provided (NP). $ P-value of *<0.05, ** <0.01, *** <0.001.