Camelina sativa Raw sequence reads

Although Camelina sativa is known to its nutritional value and the feedstock of biodiesel, genetic or genomics study is still at the beginning. The addition of a complete genome will facilitate the research of this understudied oilseed crop. In the current study, we analyzed 20 accessions of Camelina spp. with genotyping-by-sequence (GBS) technology. A total of 35,783 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were generated with strict screening steps and basic genetic studies were performed to see their diversity. STRUCTURE and phylogenetic analysis generated five subgroups with the subgroup V thought to be the most ancient. Winter-types (subgroup I) may have been diverged from summer-types. Some genomics regions were found to be negatively selected and most of them were gene-rich regions. Specifically, subgroup V was less affected by the negative selection, also supporting the inference that the subgroup may be the most ancient. Marker-trait associations (MTA) with plant height, leaf length, and pod size inferred a total of 154 SNPs and 72 nearby genes which are significantly associated with these phenotypes. The SNPs and genes may need further investigation with a larger scale analysis and gene expression study. However, they may be able to serve as valuable resources for the improvement of C. sativa.