A Blood-based Multi-omic Landscape for the molecular characterization of Kidney Stone Disease

Kidney stone disease (KSD, also named renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, or urolithiasis) is a common urological disease entailing the formation of minerals and salts that form inside the urinary tract, frequently caused by diabetes and high blood pressure, hypertension, and monogenetic components in most patients. 10% of adults worldwide are affected by KSD, which incidence continues to be highly prevalent and increasing. For the identification of novel therapeutic targets in KSD to deal with this situation, we adopted high-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques in this study and carried out an integrative analysis of exosome proteome and DNA methylation data from blood samples of normal and KSD patients. Our study described the profiling of serum exosome and DNA methylation in blood from both normal individuals and those with Kidney Stone Disease (KSD), finding the overexpressed proteins and the demethylated DNA genes in KSD samples are related to immune reactions. The consistency of the results in proteomics and epigenetics supports the feasibility of the comprehensive strategy. Our understanding of the molecular landscape of KSD provides an opportunity for more information on the pathogenic mechanism, precise diagnosis, and treatment for KSD. we collected 5 normal and 9 KSD blood samples for both of LC-MS/MS data and DNA methylation data generation. Based on SEPs matrix, we performed differential expression analysis and biological terms enrichment.