Adverse drug reactions to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in a chest hospital, Ibadan

Background: Patients treated for TB frequently experience adverse drug reactions caused by multiple medications taken for long duration. These reactions have the potential of causing poor adherence, treatment failure, relapse or emergence of drug resistance. Preventing or minimizing such reactions can improve patient's adherence and treatment success rate.

Objectives: This study assessed the incidence and risk factors for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to first line anti-TB drugs among patients treated for drug susceptible TB at Government Chest Hospital, Jericho Ibadan.

Methods: This was a cross sectional retrospective study. Data from medical records of patients treated between January and December 2018 was retrieved and analyzed with SPSS statistical package. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Review Committee of Oyo State Ministry of Health.

Results: Case files of 252 patients were included in the study. Overall incidence of ADRs was 49.6%. Majority of the patients had only one type (32.5%) of ADRs and the most common was arthralgia (28.2%,). Risk factors for ADRs among patients include age, female gender and comorbidities.

Conclusion: About half of the patients experienced ADRs during TB treatment and major risk factors identified were age, female gender and presence of comorbidities.