SUCHIMED 2021 Campaign - Chemical contamination survey in Mediterranean coastal waters

suchimed 2021 is the 10th campaign for monitoring chemical contamination and its evolution in the mediterranean sea. it has been designed as a platform supporting various surveillance and research activities, with the main pillar being the rinbio network, which involves active biosurveillance through mussel caging. regarding chemical contamination, the main results of this campaign are as follows:in occitania region:- chronic presence of ddt for 20 years.- detection of terrigenous markers (mn, as) between the mouths of the aude and hérault rivers, along with contamination of sediments near port-la-nouvelle by hap and tce (pt).in paca region:- pcb markers detected between the rhône river and marseille (in all matrices), originating from multiple sources with no significant changes over the past 20 years.- hap contamination in sediments of the industrial-port zone in fos.- presence of tbt at the carry-le-rouet station above ecologically acceptable concentrations (eac), to be confirmed in the next campaign.- detection of metallic elements and hap in sediments near the marseille urban area, partly in plankton, along with tce near the cortiou wastewater treatment plant outfall.- chronic marking of pcb, hap, metals (hg, pb, cu, tce), pbde, and/or organotin compounds (tbt) in toulon bay, showing no significant temporal trend over two decades for the first five compounds.- detection of cr, mn, and ni in the water column and hap in sediments near the var river mouth, with differences in contamination between matrices raising questions about organic matter origin.- metal (including pb) and hap marking in the water column and sediment in villefranche bay.around corsica:- strong influence of the island's geological background (i.e., high cr and ni content) on obtained concentrations.- chronic marking of cu in the water column in the ports of porto-vecchio and bonifacio, stable over time, with hap, metals (hg, pb, zn), and to a lesser extent, pcb detection in bonifacio sediment.- marking of hap and tce in the sediment of the bastia coastline.- detection of pb and tce at the golo river mouth.- contamination of the canari site with metals (cr and ni in the water column, cu in sediment), and notably, confirmed ecotoxicity likely linked to these elements.the 2021 campaign highlighted the feasibility of researching effects on caged mussels using biomarkers. lysosomal markers, less sensitive to trophic differences, proved to best reflect the general stress state of organisms related to their contamination.the study of trophic transfers appears to confirm the decrease in most metallic elements (cr, cu, fe, mn, ni, pb) and hap, bioamplification of hg and pcb, and specific bioaccumulation of certain elements by organisms (e.g., as or zn by mussels, hap by plankton).finally, the campaign revealed the presence of micro and mesoplastics at almost all sampled sites. the measured microplastic values align with concentrations observed in the western mediterranean, with a trend towards reduction based on available 10-year data.

suchimed 2021作为第十次地中海海域化学污染及其演变的监测活动，已被精心设计为一个支持多种监督和研究活动的平台。其核心支柱为rinbio网络，该网络通过贝类笼养进行主动生物监测。关于化学污染，本次活动的关键成果如下：在奥克西塔尼亚地区：DDT的慢性存在已持续20年。- 在奥德河和埃罗河河口检测到陆源标记物（Mn、As），以及与HAP和TCE（PT）相关的沉积物污染，均靠近波尔多-拉-努瓦维尔港。- 在普罗旺斯-阿尔卑斯-蓝色海岸地区：在罗讷河和马赛之间检测到PCB标记物（所有基质），源于多个来源，过去20年来变化不显著。- 在福斯工业-港口区沉积物中检测到HAP污染。- 在卡里-勒-鲁耶站（EAC以上）检测到TBT的存在，将在下一轮活动中予以确认。- 在马赛城市区域附近的沉积物中检测到金属元素和HAP，部分在浮游生物中，以及在科蒂乌污水处理厂排放口附近检测到TCE。- 在土伦湾中，PCB、HAP、金属（Hg、Pb、Cu、TCE）、PBDE和/或有机锡化合物（TBT）的慢性标记，在过去的二十年中，前五种化合物未显示出显著的时间趋势。- 在瓦尔河河口附近的水柱和沉积物中检测到Cr、Mn和Ni，以及HAP，不同基质之间的污染差异引发了关于有机物来源的疑问。- 在维尔弗朗什湾的水柱和沉积物中，包括Pb在内的金属和HAP标记。- 在科西嘉岛周边：岛屿的地质背景（即高Cr和Ni含量）对测得浓度有显著影响。- 在波尔托-维希奥和波尼法乔港口，水柱中Cu的慢性标记稳定，随着时间的推移保持稳定，在波尼法乔沉积物中检测到HAP、金属（Hg、Pb、Zn），以及PCB的检测。- 在巴斯蒂亚海岸线沉积物中检测到HAP和TCE。- 在格洛河河口检测到Pb和TCE。- 在卡纳里遗址检测到金属（水柱中的Cr和Ni，沉积物中的Cu），特别是这些元素确认的生态毒性可能与这些元素有关。2021年的活动突出了使用生物标志物研究笼养贻贝影响的可行性。溶酶体标志物，对营养差异的敏感性较低，最能反映与污染相关的生物体的整体应激状态。营养转移的研究似乎证实了大多数金属元素（Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb）和HAP的减少，Hg和PCB的生物放大，以及某些元素（例如，贻贝中的As或Zn，浮游生物中的HAP）的特定生物积累。最后，该活动揭示了几乎所有采样地点都存在微塑料和亚微塑料。测量的微塑料值与西部地中海观察到的浓度相一致，根据可用的10年数据，呈现出减少的趋势。