A gene variation at the ZPR1 locus (rs964184) interacts with the type of diet to modulate postprandial triglycerides in patients with coronary artery disease: From the Cordioprev Study

Background and Aims: rs964184 variant in the ZPR1 gene has been associated
with blood lipids levels both in fasting and postprandial state and with
the risk of myocardialinfarction in high-risk cardiovascular patients.
However, whether this association is modulated by diet has not been
studied. Objective: To investigate whether the type of diet (low-fat or
Mediterranean diets) interacts with genetic variability at this loci to
modulate fasting and postprandial lipids incoronary patients. Materials
and Methods: The genotype of the rs964184 polymorphism was determined in
the Cordioprev Study population (NCT00924937). Fasting and Postprandial
triglycerides were assessed before and after 3 years of dietary
intervention with either a Mediterranean or a low-fat diet. Postprandial
lipid assessment was done by a 4-h oral fat tolerance test (OFTT).
Differences in triglycerides levels were identified using
repeated-measures ANCOVA. Results: From 523 patients (85% males, mean age
59 years) that completed the OFTT at baseline and after 3 years of
intervention and had complete genotype information, 125of them were
carriers of the risk allele G. At the start of the study, these patients
showed a higher fasting and postprandial triglycerides (TG) plasma levels.
After 3 years of dietaryintervention, G-carriers following a Mediterranean
Diet maintained higher fasting and postprandial triglycerides, while those
on the low-fat diet reduced their postprandialtriglycerides to similar
values to the population without the G-allele. Conclusion: After 3 years
of dietary intervention, the altered postprandial triglyceride response
induced by genetic variability in the rs964184 polymorphism of the ZPR1
genecan be modulated by a low-fat diet, better than by a Mediterranean
diet, in patients with coronary artery disease.