High AMF diversity no longer enhances multifunctionality under multiple GCFs but consistently promotes plant growth

In this study, we conducted a microcosm experiment to explore the role of AMF in maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality under multiple GCFs. We grew Triticum aestivum (wheat) in a controlled glasshouse experiment. Three AMF diversity treatments based on species richness: 0 (no-AMF), 1 (low diversity), and 4 (high diversity), and three GCF treatments: no GCF control, one of six GCF, and a combination of all six GCF were included. We measured ten functions, including net photosynthetic rate, primary productivity, soil nutrient content, soil enzyme activity, and soil greenhouse gas emission to calculate multifunctionality, as we focused on short-term plant and soil functions.