Phase-change-material nanoemulsions for energy transport and storage.

This paper presents our current understanding of phase change emulsions (PCEs) for storage and transport of thermal energy focusing on their physicochemical properties as well as flow and heat transfer characteristics. Previous investigations on PCEs such as nanoemulsions of phase change materials for refrigeration and air conditioning applications are reviewed in detail, including our own work on the method of PCE preparation, mean particle size, rheological properties and phase change and heat transfer characteristics. Based on a careful review of past studies, future research needs will be identified and methods of investigation will be recommended using advanced experimental techniques such as an X-ray imaging system for investigating the agglomeration and formation of particle clusters as well as solid fraction distributions in heated flow channels, and multi-dimensional NMR for characterizing the molecular compositions and structures of the dispersed phases and their interactions with adsorbed species.