Synergizing Socio-Technical Systems for Sustaining the Small-Scale Family Businesses in Dealing with Disruption

Business resilience has become a critical focus for family business especially small-scale in Indonesia as they navigate a rapidly changing economic landscape. This study examines the impact of Islamic spirituality and digital mastery on business resilience, with a perspective of socio-technical system theory. Drawing on a survey-based approach, data was collected from 522 owners and/or managers of small-scale family businesses across various sectors in Indonesia. Using SmartPLS for data analysis, the results reveal that both Islamic spirituality and digital mastery have significant positive effects on business resilience. The findings indicate that digital mastery — characterized by the digital communication, digital content creation, and digital strategic skills — enhances capability of small-scale family businesses to adapt and thrive in uncertain environments. Additionally, Islamic spirituality, rooted in ethical values such as trustworthiness, fairness, and responsibility, not only directly strengthens resilience but also moderates the relationship between digital mastery and business resilience. This suggests that when digital capabilities are aligned with spiritual and ethical practices, small-scale family businesses can better navigate challenges and ensure long-term sustainability. The study provides practical insights for owners and managers of family businesses, emphasizing the importance of fostering both spiritual leadership and digital competencies to build resilient organizations. Keywords: Business Resilience, Digital Mastery, Islamic Spirituality, Family Business.